Kusanthula kolakwika ndi zotsutsana ndi switchgear

Kodi switchgear ndi chiyani?

Switchgear imakhala ndi switchgear imodzi kapena zingapo zotsika kwambiri zamagetsi ndi kuwongolera kofananira, muyeso, siginecha, chitetezo, malamulo ndi zida zina, ndi wopanga yemwe amayang'anira kulumikizana kwamagetsi kwamkati ndi makina, msonkhano wathunthu wazinthu zomanga pamodzi. Nduna ndiyotsegula ndi kutseka, kuyang'anira ndi kuteteza zida zamagetsi popanga magetsi, kufalitsa, kugawa ndi kutembenuza mphamvu zamagetsi. Zida zomwe zili mu kabati yosinthira makamaka zimaphatikizapo dera loyimitsa, kulumikiza lophimba, makina osinthira katundu, makina ogwiritsira ntchito, inductor onse ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zoteteza.

Kusanthula kolakwika ndi zotsutsana ndi switchgear
12 ~ 40.5kV zida zama switchgear ndiye nambala yayikulu kwambiri yazida zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ngozi zaposachedwa zachitika pafupipafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwachuma, kuwonongeka ndi mavuto ena pagulu.
Kuopsa kobisika kwa ngozi ndi zolakwika zomwe zimachitika makamaka zimangoyang'ana pamawotchi, kutulutsa kwa arc mkati, kutchinjiriza kwamkati, kutentha ndi anti-mis-loko, ndi zina zambiri. yafupika, komanso kudalirika kwa magwiridwe antchito amagetsi ndikukula bwino.

1. Vuto lobisika mu njira yolumikizira
1.1. Mtundu Wobisika Wowopsa
1.1.1 Omangidwa mu TV kabati amalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi basi
Malinga ndi zomwe zimafunikira pakupanga, TV yomanga chingala ikuyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi basi yolumikizana ndi ma handcart, TV rack position position, mode yolumikizira ndi zina, ena a TV chombo chomangidwa kudzera panjinga yodzipatula yolumikizidwa ndi basi, pomwe TV ikukonza, ngolo yodzipatula Kumangidwa kwa ndodo ya TV kumakhala ndi mafomu awa, monga akuwonetsera pa Chithunzi 2:

Njira yolumikizira switchgear yabisika

1, njira yolumikizira imodzi: TV yomenyera mphezi yomanga ndi TV yoyikidwa kumbuyo kosungira, fuse yomwe imayikidwa mgalimoto, womanga mphezi amalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi basi, TV kudzera pakudzipatula ndi basi yolumikizidwa;
2, njira yolumikizira yachiwiri: TV kabati yamphesa yomwe imayikidwa mchipinda cha basi, yolumikizidwa molunjika ndi basi, TV ndi fyuzi yomwe imayikidwa pagalimoto;
3, njira yolumikizira itatu: TV kabati yamphesa yomata yoyikidwa padera kuseri kosungira kumbuyo kapena nyumba yosungiramo katundu yakutsogolo, yolumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi basi, TV ndi fyuzi yomwe imayikidwa pagalimoto.
4, njira yolumikizira anayi: TV ndi fyuzi yomwe imayikidwa mu XGN mndandanda wokhazikitsira kabati, womanga womangidwa mosiyana mchipinda china, cholumikizidwa ndi basi;
5, njira yolumikizira yachisanu: kumangirira mphezi, TV ndi fyuzi zimayikidwa kumbuyo kosungira, womanga mphezi amalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi basi, TV imagwirizanitsidwa ndi basi kudzera pagalimoto yodzipatula;
6, njira yolumikizira yachisanu ndi chimodzi: womanga mphezi, lama fuyusi ndi TV amayikidwa mgalimoto yomweyo, mphezi yolumikizira yolumikizidwa ndi fuseyi pambuyo pa siteji.
Makonzedwewa ndi amagetsi olakwika, fuseti ikangogwira ntchito, zida zake sizitetezedwa ndi womangayo.

1.1.2 Nduna yakumunsi yamakina osinthira siyopatukana kwathunthu ndi nduna yakumbuyo
Makabati apansi ndi makabati akumbuyo am'makina ena osinthira a KYN, monga makina akuluakulu osinthira mu mzere, makabati azimayi olumikizirana, ndi makabati osinthira, sakhala okha. Ogwira ntchitowo akamalowa m'makabati apansi, mwamwayi amatha kugwira basi kapena gawo lamutu wa chingwe, zomwe zimatha kugwedezeka kwamagetsi.
Vuto lobisika silimasiyana pakati pa nduna yotsika ndi kabati yakumbuyo kwa switch switch, monga zikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 3:

Chithunzi 3 Palibe chowopsa chilichonse chobisika pakati pa nduna yotsika ndi kabati yakumbuyo kwa switch switch

1.2, zotsutsana
The lophimba nduna ndi mode kobisika Kulumikizana ayenera kukonzedwa kamodzi.
Chithunzithunzi cha kusintha kosinthira mawotchi a cabinet chikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 5:

CHITH. Chithunzi cha 5 chosintha mawonekedwe a switchgear wiring

1.2.1 Njira yosinthira ukadaulo wamagetsi wamphezi mu kabati ya TV
1, kuti mugwiritse ntchito njira yolumikizira, chotsani chiphaliwali mchipinda, mawonekedwe olumikizira TV sanasinthe, chipinda choyambirira cha mabasi kupyola pakhoma chatsekedwa, womanga mphezi amasandulika galimoto yamagetsi yamagalimoto pafoni, ndipo womanga mphezi amafanana ndi fuyusi ndi kuzungulira kwa TV.
2. Pazolowera ziwiri, chotsani mphezi m'galimoto, chotsani chowomberacho m'galimoto ndikuyiyika mu fuseti ndi chiphaliwali, onjezerani mbale yolumikizira bokosi lakumapeto, zovuta za bokosilo ndi makina a valavu, ikani TV munsana wakumbuyo, ndikulumikiza kulumikizidwe kotsika kwa galimoto yodzipatula kudzera kutsogola.
Chiwembucho chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pagalimoto yoyambayo, komanso titha kulingalira m'malo mwa galimoto yatsopanoyo.
3. Pazithunzi zitatu, chotsani mphezi m'chipinda choyambirira, sinthani chomenyera mphezi m'galimoto yoyenda ndikuyiyika mu fyuzi ndi chiphaliwali, tsekani pakhoma la chipinda choyambirira cha mabasi, onjezerani mbale yoyikira bokosi lakumapeto lolumikizira m'manja, chisokonezo cha bokosi lolumikizirana ndi makina amagetsi, ikani TV kumbuyo kwa chipinda cholumikizira kulumikizana kumunsi kudzera pa waya wotsogola.
Chiwembucho chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pagalimoto yoyambayo, komanso titha kulingalira m'malo mwa galimoto yatsopanoyo.

4. Pazolumikizira njira zinayi, chotsani womangayo m'zigawo zina zamagalimoto, sinthani omangawo kuti alowe muzipangizo zama TV ndi zipinda zamagalimoto, muzilumikize kumalo olumikizira zolumikizira, ndikuzilumikiza mofanana ndi fyuzi ndi dera la TV.
5, yamagetsi yolumikizira mitundu isanu, kumenyera mphezi, kukhazikitsa kwa TV kosasinthika, choyimira choyambirira cha mphezi chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi kukhudzana kwa galimoto yakudzipatula, chipinda choyambirira cha mabasi kupyola pakhoma.
6. Mwa njira yolumikizira 6, mawonekedwe ake ndi olumikizana molakwika. Fuse ikangogwiritsidwa ntchito, zida zimatha kutetezedwa ndi womangayo.
Chotsani chomenyera mphezi ndi fuseyisi mgalimoto yoyambayo, sinthani malo oyimitsira mawaya, pangani chomenyera mphezi cholumikizidwa ndi wapamwamba wa fusetiyo, komanso mofanana ndi fuseji ndi ma TV.

1.2.2 zodzitchinjiriza pakudzipatula kosakwanira pakati pa nduna yotsika ndi kabati yakumbuyo kwa switch switch
Chifukwa mtundu uwu wamakina osinthira nduna ndi okhazikika, ngati mbale yogawa idayikidwa pakusintha, mawonekedwe ake amkati ndi kugawa malo zidzasinthidwa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito achitetezo cha mkati sangatsimikizidwe. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira chosinthira chachikulu cha mbali ya 10kV ndi chosinthira chosinthira chachikulu ntchito isanachitike.

2. Kutulutsa kosakwanira kwamkati mwa arc
Mitundu ya zoopsa zobisika
Pakugwira kwake ntchito, chitsulo chatsekedwa chosinthira nduna yomwe ili ndi zopindika, kuphatikiza zoyipa zoyeserera zoyambitsidwa ndi kutayika kwa magwiridwe antchito kapena kusachita bwino ndi zifukwa zina, zimayambitsa vuto lamkati.
Arc yopangidwa ndi dera lalifupi imakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu komanso mphamvu yayikulu. Arc yokha ndi mpweya wamagazi wonyezimira kwambiri. Mothandizidwa ndi magetsi ndi gasi wotentha, arc idzayenda mwachangu kwambiri mu kabati ndikuwonjeza kufulumira kwamilandu.
Kutulutsa kotereku, kutchinjiriza zinthu, kusungunuka kwazitsulo, kusinthana kwa kutentha kwamkati kwamkati ndi kuthamanga, ngati sikukonzedwa kapena kuyika njira yotulutsa kukakamizidwa, kukakamizidwa kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti nduna iziyike mu mbale ya wina, thabwa la khomo, mahinji, zenera lalikulu mapindikidwe ndi kuphulika, arc yopangidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa kabati yamwadzidzidzi imadziyika pamalo ena, kuyambitsa pafupi ndi zida zogwiritsira ntchito zida zowotchera kwambiri,
Ngakhale kuopseza moyo.
Pakadali pano, pali zovuta zina monga palibe njira yothanirana ndi mavuto yomwe yakhazikitsidwa, njira yoperekera thandizo mopanda malire yakhazikitsidwa, kutulutsa kwa arc mkati sikumayesedwa ndikutsimikiziridwa, ndipo kuwunika sikukhala kovuta panthawi yoyesa.

2.2, zotsutsana
[Kusankha] Sinthani magwiridwe antchito amkati mwa arc akuyenera kukhala mulingo wa IAC, arc wamkati wololeza nthawi sayenera kukhala ochepera 0,5s, mayeso oyeserera adavoteledwa kwakanthawi kupirira pakadali pano.
Zogulitsa zomwe zidavotera pakanthawi kochepa pamwambapa 31.5kA, kuyesa kwamkati mwa arc kumatha kuchitika malinga ndi 31.5kA.
[Modification] Onjezani kapena sinthani njira yothanirana ndi anzawo, ndikuwunika ndikuwunika kwamkati mwa arc molingana ndi mtundu wa mayeso oyenera.
[Chitetezo] Kukhwimitsa koyenera kwa kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu kwa thiransifoma, kumachepetsa nthawi yolephera yolakwika.

3, vuto lotchingira mkati
3.1 Mtundu wobisika wobisika
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosinthira nduna kwachepetsedwa, magwiridwe antchito a zotchinga za nduna, zolakwika zawonjezeka.
Ntchito yayikulu mu: kukwera mtunda ndi chilolezo cha mpweya sikokwanira, makamaka nduna yazanja, tsopano opanga ambiri kuti afupikitse kukula kwa kabatiyo, amachepetsa kwambiri gawo loyimitsa lomwe lidayikidwa mu nduna, pulagi yodzipatula komanso mtunda wapakati pa nthaka, koma sanatengepo njira zowonetsetsa kuti kutchinjiriza kulimba;
Njira zoyipa zamsonkhano, chifukwa chosakhala bwino pamsonkhano, gawo limodzi lokhala ndi kabatani litha kupitiliza kuyesa, koma makina onse osinthana sangathe kudutsa msonkhano utatha;
Mphamvu yolumikizirana siyokwanira kapena kuyipa koyipa, pomwe mphamvu yolumikizirana ndiyokwanira kapena yolumikizana, kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwapanyumba, kutchinjiriza kwa magwiridwe antchito, kumapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale pansi kapena kuwonongeka;
Chododometsa, chotenthetsera chomangidwa ndikosavuta kuwononga, sichitha kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, pakusintha kwanyumba ya kabati, kumachepetsa magwiridwe antchito;
Kutsekemera koyipa kwa zida zothandizira.
Pofuna kuchepetsa mtengo, opanga ena amatenga zocheperako zazowonjezera zothandizira, amachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a kabati yosinthira.

3.2, zotsutsana
Sitiyenera kutsatira mwakachetechete miniaturization ya switchgear. Tiyenera kugula switchgear yoyenera malinga ndi momwe polojekitiyi ikuyendera, momwe timagwirira ntchito, kukonza ndi kukonza, kukonza zida ndi zina.
Zida zogwiritsira ntchito mpweya kapena mpweya / zotetezera monga zotetezera sing'anga, makulidwe, mphamvu yakumunda komanso ukalamba wazinthu zotetezera ziyenera kuganiziridwa, ndipo wopanga amayenera kuyesa condensation malinga ndi zofunikira;
Kwa magawo monga khoma lamanja mu kabati yosinthira ndi kabati yapa mphete, valavu yamakina, ndi kukhotera kwa bala, ngati ukonde wotchingira mpweya uli wochepera 125mm (12kV) ndi 300mm (40.5kV), wochititsa ayenera kukhala ndi kutchinjiriza m'chimake.
Njira monga kubowoleza ndi kupukutira ziyenera kutengedwa kuti zisawonongeke kusokonekera kwamagetsi m'malo omwe mphamvu zake zimakhazikika, monga polowera ndi kubwerekera, valavu yamakina ndi ngodya ya basi.
Busbar mu kabatiyo imagwirizira zida zina zomwe kutchinjiriza kwakeko mtunda sikungakwaniritse zovuta, monga mabotolo a porcelain. Utsi wokutira wa RTV wokutira kuti ukwaniritse luso lazogwiritsa ntchito zida zakale.

4. Kutentha kwa malungo
Mitundu ya zoopsa zobisika
Malo olumikizirana ndi loop ndiabwino, kukana kukhudzana kumawonjezeka, vuto lotentha ndilodziwika, monga kulumikizana kosavomerezeka kodziphatikizira;
Makina okhala ndi zida zanyumba zanyumba si zomveka, mpweya sindiwo convection, kutaya kwanyengo kutentha kumakhala kovuta, mavuto otentha mu kabati ndi ochulukirapo;
Khola lanyumba, chosinthira pakadali ndi zomangamanga zina zimapanga ma atomu otsekedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zina zotenthetsera kutchinga zikhale zazikulu;
Zida zokhotakhota zotsekera zida zowuma (mtundu waposintha wamagetsi, chosinthira chamtundu wamagetsi, chosinthira chowuma) chosankhidwa kumulowetsa waya m'mimba sichikwanira, kuwongolera njira zowongolera sikukhwimitsa, kosavuta kutentha kwambiri.
4.2, zotsutsana
Limbikitsani kutaya kwanyumba kwa kabati yosinthira, ndikuyika blower ndikuyambitsa fan fan;
Kuphatikiza ndi kulephera kwamagetsi, kukakamizidwa kwa olumikizana ndi ma static ndi static kuyenera kufufuzidwa ndikusinthidwa ngati kuli kofunikira. Nthawi yomweyo, kasupe wolumikizana ndi kutopa ayenera kusinthidwa.
Lonjezerani kafukufuku waukadaulo woyesa kutentha mkati mwa nduna, ndikugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano monga muyeso wa kutentha opanda zingwe kuti athetse vuto loyeza muyeso wa kutentha.

5, kupewa zolakwika potseka sikokwanira
5.1 Zowopsa zomwe zingachitike
Makabati ambiri osinthira amakhala ndi chida chotseka zolakwika, koma kutseka kwake kokwanira komanso koyenera sikumakwaniritsa zofunikira.
Gawo lanyumba yamagetsi yonyamula zida zankhondo pakhomo lakumbuyo limatha kutsegulidwa, osatseka zolakwika, osadzipatula kawiri, kutsegulidwa pambuyo poti mbali zamoyo zingakhudzidwe mwachindunji, ndipo zomangira ndizomangira zokhotakhota, zosavuta kutsegula chitseko kabati ngozi yamagetsi yamagetsi;
Gawo la chosinthira chachikulu, chachikazi, TV, chosinthira ndi chosinthira china osachika, pambuyo pa chitseko cha kabati chotsatirachi ndi switch sichinakhazikike, amatha kuchotsa wononga mwachindunji pakhomo, osatsekedwa chitseko chikhozanso kutseka mphamvu, zosavuta kupangitsa kuti ogwira ntchito yokonza molakwika atsegule, kulowa munthawi yamagetsi, ngozi yantchito;
Mbali zakumtunda ndi zakumunsi kwa chitseko chakumbuyo kwa makabati ena osinthana sangathe kutsekedwa pawokha, ndipo chitseko chapamwamba chimatsekedwa ndi chitseko chakumunsi.
Pakhomo lokhazikika likatsekedwa, loko ya chitseko chakumunsi cha kabati imachotsedwa, ndipo chitseko chakabati chakumbuyo chimatha kutsegulidwanso, chosavuta kuyambitsa ngozi yamagetsi.
Monga KYN28 switchgear;
Makina ena oyendetsa magetsi atakokedwa kunja, malo otsekemera amatha kukankhidwa mosavuta. Popanda kuteteza kutsekedwa mwangozi, thupi loyimbidwalo limawululidwa, ndipo ogwira nawo ntchito amatha kutsegulira cholumikizira cholakwika cha switch mosazindikira, ndikupangitsa ngozi yamagetsi.

5.2, zotsutsana
Ntchito yosinthira cholakwitsa cha kabati siili yangwiro, kumbuyo kwa chitseko cha nduna kumatha kutsegulidwa, ndipo kutseguka kumatha kukhudza magawo amoyo amagetsi otsegulira makina oyikirako, kukhazikitsa makompyuta otseka zolakwika;
Ikani zolumikizana pakati pa switch yapansi ndi chitseko cha kabati chakumbuyo pa kabati yosinthira monga GG1A ndi XGN, ndikuyika chida chowonetsera chokha kuti mutseke kugwira ntchito.
Onetsetsani kudalirika kwa chida chotsutsana ndi zolakwika pafupipafupi, ndipo yang'anani makina opangira makina pakati pa chosinthira ndi chosinthira chokhazikika, chosinthira chodulira ndi chosinthira ndi mwayi wakulephera kwa magetsi.

6, pomaliza
Sinthani zida zama kabati ndizofunikira pazida zoyambira pama gridi amagetsi. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yake ndiyokhazikika, kuwongolera kuyenera kulimbikitsidwa pazinthu zonse monga kapangidwe, zinthu, ndondomeko, mayeso, kusankha kwamtundu, magwiridwe antchito ndi kukonza.
Mogwirizana ndi zofunikira za kapangidwe kake, kuphatikiza miyezo yamayiko ndi mafakitale, ikani zofunikira pakapangidwe kazinthu, kuthetseratu kuwopsa kwa zingwe;
Malinga ndi miyezo yadziko lonse komanso mafakitale, komanso njira zotsutsana ndi ngozi, pangani zofunikira mwatsatanetsatane wa zikalata zolipirira zida, kuti zisawononge zinthu zosayenera mu netiweki;
Limbikitsani kuyang'anira komwe kumapangidwe, tsimikizirani mwamphamvu zofunikira pakupanga ndi kuyesa fakitole, ndikutsutsa mwatsatanetsatane zinthu zosayenera kuchoka mufakitoli;
Mwakhama kugwira lophimba kasamalidwe kasamalidwe chilema, kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsa njira odana ndi ngozi;
Sinthani ntchito yamagetsi yolimbana ndi zolakwika, kulimbitsa kasamalidwe ka zotchinga zotsutsana ndi zolakwika, kukhazikitsa chida chowonetsera, ndikugwirizana ndi "njira zisanu zopewera", kuti zitsimikizire kutseka kotsutsana ndi zolakwika.