Makhalidwe ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito kwa Dry Type Transformer

Pakadali pano, ma transformer amphamvu ouma aku China nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magawo atatu olimba opanga ma SC, monga: SCB9 mndandanda wa magawo atatu opindika, SCB10 mndandanda wa magawo atatu opindika ma transformer a SCB9 mndandanda wa magawo atatu opindika ma transformer a ma foil. Mlingo wake wamagetsi nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 6-35kV, mphamvu yayikulu mpaka 25MVA. Transformer youma imagawidwa makamaka m'magulu awiri a transformer youma yodzazidwa ndi resin youma.

1. Transformer youma yodzazidwa

Waya wa transformer youma yodzazidwa ku China uli ndi waya wagalasi, ndipo pad imatenthedwa ndi zinthu zotetezera kutentha. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo opangira magetsi ndi nyumba zazitali zomwe sizimayaka moto.

Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa utoto wopaka, chotenthetsera cha transformer chimagawidwa m'magulu B, F, H, C, chotenthetsera chachikulu ndi choyimirira (chotenthetsera chachikulu pakati pa chotenthetsera ndi chozungulira komanso pakati pa chotenthetsera ndi chozungulira.

Kuteteza koyima kumatanthauza kuteteza pakati pa mfundo zosiyanasiyana ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a chozungulira cha transformer chokhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana, makamaka kuphatikiza magwiridwe antchito a kutetezera pakati pa kuzungulira, zigawo ndi magawo a chozungulira. Mpweya umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotetezera kutentha.

Mtundu uwu wa transformer umakhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe kuposa transformer youma ya mtundu wa resin, mawonekedwe ndi kulemera kwake zimakhala zazikulu, ndipo mphamvu yotulutsa zinthu kunyumba ndi kunja imachepetsa.

Pali zisindikizo za kumapeto kwa malekezero onse awiri a kugwedezeka, osaopa mafunde, kukana moto mwamphamvu, kupewa moto pamoto wotseguka pa 750 ℃, ndi mtundu watsopano wa transformer youma. 1.2 Transformer youma ya utomoni m'malo mwa transformer ya masiku ano yopangidwa ndi utomoni wakunyumba, zinthu zotsogola zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu otsatirawa.

Mtundu woyamba, wotchedwa wire wound casting transformer, high voltage yake ndi wire wound breaking cylinder casting, low voltage ndi wire wound cylinder (kapena segmented cylinder) casting;Li Qian, Shaanxi provincial Electric Power (group) Co., LTD. Dziwani kuti palibe filler casting.

Mtundu wachiwiri, wotchedwa transformer yoponyera yophimba mabala a foil, mphamvu yake yapamwamba ndi mtundu woponyera mabala a foil wogawidwa, mphamvu yotsika ndi mtundu wozungulira wa foil (kapena aluminiyamu); Kuponyera kumaponyedwa ndi chodzaza.

Mtundu wachitatu, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa waya wosweka silinda, kupondaponda kwa mkuwa (kapena aluminiyamu) kotsika; Kupondaponda kumaponyedwa popanda chodzaza.

Mitundu itatu ya zinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa ili ndi makhalidwe awoawo popanga ndi momwe zinthuzo zimagwirira ntchito, ndipo pakadali pano zili ndi gawo linalake pamsika. M'nkhaniyi, tikuyang'ana kwambiri pa zokambirana za ma transformer odzaza waya.

2. Chosinthira waya chopangira mabala

2.1. Makhalidwe a kapangidwe kake

Mu fakitale yachiwiri yamagetsi ku Baoji, m'chigawo cha Shaanxi, ma transformer ouma omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mufakitale yonse ndi ma transformer othira okulungidwa ndi waya, okhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya 6 kV, mphamvu ya 100 kVA mpaka 1600 kVA, komanso kuyika mkati.

Ma windings amphamvu komanso otsika a chinthucho amapangidwa ndi waya wamkuwa, wopindika bwino, ulusi wagalasi wolimbikitsidwa, wothira mafuta pang'ono, utomoni wopanda chodzaza, wothira pansi pa vacuum condition, ndipo amachiritsidwa malinga ndi kutentha komwe kumakhazikika.

Kuzungulira kwamphamvu kwamagetsi kumagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka silinda yogawanika m'magawo, ndipo kuzungulira kwamphamvu kwamagetsi otsika kumagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa silinda yokhala ndi zigawo zambiri, mtundu wa silinda yogawanika kapena mtundu wapadera wa silinda yogawanika malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi.

2.2 Zinthu Zaukadaulo

2.2.1 Kukaniza kwa waya chifukwa cha kuponderezedwa kwa transformer hv winding kumagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kapadera ka cylindrical, kapangidwe kameneka kamachokera ku kupindika kwa bobbin section, mtundu wamba wa silinda womwe uli ndi ubwino wa kukaniza bobbin winding, ndipo umathetsa kusanjikiza kwa bobbin winding kwa voliyumu yayikulu pakati pa kutsutsana, ndi kapangidwe kabwino ka kupindika, komwe nthawi zambiri kamatchedwa kapangidwe ka kupindika kosagwirizana.

Poyerekeza ndi silinda wamba wogawanika, silinda yapadera yogawanika imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri magetsi pakati pa zigawo, kukonza kugawa kwa magetsi, komanso kukonza kwambiri mphamvu ya kugwedezeka kuti ipirire magetsi ochulukirapo komanso magetsi ochulukirapo ogwirira ntchito.

Kukana kwa mphamvu sikungogwirizana ndi kapangidwe ka chozungulira, komanso kumadalira mtundu wa chozunguliracho komanso mphamvu zamagetsi za zinthu zotetezera kutentha.

Pambuyo poti kuzunguliza kwa chinthucho kwatha, chimathiridwa ndi utomoni woyera mu vacuum state, ndipo palibe chodzaza chomwe chimawonjezeredwa, kotero kuti magwiridwe antchito a utomoni asachepe.

Ndipo chifukwa chakuti kuzunguliridwa kumazunguliridwa ndi waya, utomoni ukhoza kudzaza mokwanira kuzunguliridwa, mosasamala kanthu za mbali ya axial kapena radial ya kuzunguliridwa, ndipo mulibe thovu mkati.

Chidule: Pepalali likufotokoza za magulu ndi makhalidwe a transformer youma, ndipo likuyang'ana kwambiri makhalidwe a transformer yothira waya, makhalidwe aukadaulo, njira yoziziritsira, njira yowongolera kutentha ndi zina zotero, ndipo linafotokoza mwachidule chiyembekezo cha chitukuko cha transformer youma. Mawu ofunikira: transformer youma; Kugawa kwa transformer youma pogwiritsa ntchito waya.

Ulusi wa resin ndi galasi wopangidwa ndi kutchinjiriza kolimba, sikuti umangoteteza ku kugwedezeka bwino, komanso kutulutsa kwapafupi ndi kochepa kwambiri.

2.2.2. Mphamvu yabwino ya makina komanso kukana kwamphamvu kwa ma short-circuit. Pa waya wozungulira wogawika m'magulu, utomoni ukatha kuthiridwa mu vacuum, utomoniwo ukhoza kunyowa pakati pa zigawo, ma turn ndi magawo a curving nthawi imodzi.

Pambuyo pokonza, utomoni, waya ndi ulusi wagalasi zimagwirizanitsidwa bwino kuti zipange kapangidwe ka thupi kolimba. Mphamvu yayikulu ya makina a kapangidwe kake imatsimikizira kuti zinthu zopangira waya zoponyera zitsulo zimakhala ndi kukana kwabwino kwa ma short-circuit.

Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa zinthu zotetezera kutentha zomwe zimapangidwa ndi utomoni wochiritsa ndi ulusi wagalasi ndi (18 ~ 20)×10-6/K, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mkuwa komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pozungulira ndi 17×10-6/K, komwe kuli pafupi kwambiri ndi ziwirizi. Kumachotsa kupsinjika kwa makina pakati pa woyendetsa wozungulira ndi zinthu zotetezera kutentha zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwa kutentha ndi kuzizira panthawi yogwira ntchito ya transformer. Kuchokera muzu mpaka kuchotsa chodabwitsa cha kusweka.

Popeza chinthucho chimapangidwa ndi utomoni pa mphamvu yapamwamba komanso yotsika ndipo pakati pa chitsulo chimakutidwa ndi utomoni, chimakhala ndi chinyezi champhamvu komanso kukana dzimbiri. Chinyezi chikakhala cha mpweya 100%, chimatha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.

Popeza kuti chotenthetsera chopangidwa ndi utomoni woyera ndi ulusi wagalasi chili ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zambiri, makulidwe a chotenthetsera pamwamba pa chinthucho ndi 1.5 ~ 2 mm yokha, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri kuyeretsa kutentha kwa pamwamba.

2.3. Makina ozizira ndi chitetezo

Ma transformer ouma amaziziritsidwa ndi mpweya wachilengedwe komanso mpweya wozizira womwe umayendetsedwa mokakamiza. Kuziziritsa mpweya wachilengedwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti kutsimikizire kuti transformer ikugwira ntchito bwino pansi pa katundu wovomerezeka. Ma transformer ouma omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chomera chamagetsi cha baoji No.2 onse amaziziritsidwa ndi mpweya wokakamizidwa ndi fan ya radial.

Pambuyo poziziritsa ndi mpweya wokakamizidwa, mphamvu ya transformer youma yokhala ndi 800 kVA ndi pansi pake ikhoza kuwonjezeka ndi 40%, ndipo mphamvu ya transformer youma yokhala ndi 800 kVA ndi pamwamba pake ikhoza kuwonjezeka ndi 50%, ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza.

Chosinthira chouma nthawi zambiri chimakhala chitetezo cha IP00, ndiko kuti, popanda chipolopolo, kugwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba, chomera chachiwiri chamagetsi cha Baoji chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yotetezera iyi. Komanso malinga ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito, onjezani chipolopolo choteteza.

Khomo la IP20 limaletsa kulowa kwa zinthu zakunja zolimba zopitirira 12 mm ndipo limapereka chotchinga ku ziwalo zamoyo. Chitetezo cha IP23 chikagwiritsidwa ntchito, kupatula ntchito yoteteza IP20, chimakhalanso ndi ntchito yoletsa kufalikira kwa madzi.

2.4. Dongosolo lowongolera kutentha

Kugwira ntchito kotetezeka komanso kodalirika kwa transformer yamagetsi kumadalira kwambiri kutetezedwa kotetezeka komanso kodalirika kwa transformer winding. Kutentha kwa winding komwe kumapitirira kutentha kwa insulation ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe insulation imawonongeka ndipo transformer singathe kugwira ntchito bwino.

Chosinthira cha waya chotchedwa SC series wire wound casting transformer chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yodzitetezera kutentha yokha ya XMTB. Chinthu choyezera kutentha kwa platinamu chimayikidwa mu waya wozungulira wamagetsi otsika kuti chizindikire kutentha kwa chozunguliracho, kuwonetsa kutentha kwa chozungulira chamagetsi otsika magawo atatu, ndikuwapatsa chitetezo cha kutentha.

Pamene kutentha ndi katundu zasintha, pamene kugwedezeka kwafika pa kutentha koyenera, chowongolera kutentha chidzatumiza chizindikiro chokha kuti chiwongolere kuyambika kwa fan (110 ℃), kuyimitsa fan (90 ℃), alamu (120 ℃) ​​ndi trip (145 ℃), kuti chinthucho chikhale ndi chitetezo chodalirika cha overload chomwe chikugwira ntchito.

Ma transformer a SC3 series wirewound casting amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa M&C wovomerezeka kuti azindikire kutentha ndi kuwongolera ma transformer windings, ndikupanga chowongolera kutentha chomwe chimatha kuzindikira kutentha kwa ma windings mwachindunji, ndikuzindikira kuwongolera kokakamiza mpweya wozizira (AF), alamu yowonjezereka kutentha ndi kutsika kwa kutentha kwambiri kwa transformer.

Pambuyo pokonza bwino chowongolera kutentha, chosinthira kutentha chimayikidwa kaye mu netiweki, kenako chowongolera kutentha chimapatsidwa mphamvu kuti chigwire ntchito. Chowongolera kutentha chimakhala chowongolera chokha, ndipo kuzindikira kutentha ndi kuteteza chosinthira kutentha kumachitika. Kutentha kwa chowongolera kutentha kukapitirira 110 ℃, chowongolera kutentha chimayambitsa fani kuti izizire mokakamizidwa; Ngati kutentha kwa chowongolera kutentha kukatsika pansi pa 90 ℃ pamene mpweya ukuzizira mokakamizidwa, fani imayima.

Ngati kutentha kwa kuzunguliridwa kwawonjezeka kwambiri, chowongolera kutentha chidzapereka alamu yochenjeza kutentha kwambiri (155 ℃) ndi chizindikiro choyendera kutentha kwambiri (170 ℃). Chowongolera kutentha chikalephera ndipo sichingachotsedwe kwakanthawi, chotsani chowongolera kutentha, chosinthira kutenthacho chikhoza kupitiliza kugwira ntchito, kungofunika kuyang'anira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chosinthiracho chili bwino.

3. Kuyerekeza pakati pa transformer youma ndi transformer yomizidwa ndi mafuta

Ubwino waukulu ndi mtengo wotsika wa ma transformer omizidwa ndi mafuta n'zovuta kusintha ndi ma transformer ena. Mu zofunikira zakunja ndi chitetezo cha moto m'malo wamba, pakadali pano komanso mtsogolo kwa nthawi yayitali, transformer yomizidwa ndi mafuta idzakhalabe.

Koma m'malo omwe ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri zotetezera moto, ma transformer amadzimadzi ouma kapena osayaka ndi madzi osayaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Transformer youma imakhala ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo kuposa transformer yoviikidwa mu mafuta, makamaka chifukwa kuchuluka kwa magetsi a transformer youma ndi kochepa, mphamvu ya kutentha ndi yayikulu, ndipo nthawi yozungulira ndi yayikulu.

Poyerekeza ndi transformer yothira mafuta, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito kutentha kwa transformer youma imakula. Transformer yothira mafuta imagwiritsa ntchito malo ambiri, koma panja imayikidwa kwambiri.

Mphamvu ya transformer youma ndi yaying'ono, ntchito yake mkati ndi yokwera kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi transformer yodzazidwa ndi mafuta, imakhala ndi mphamvu yochepa ya mphezi, mutu wa mafunde wocheperako komanso mwayi wochepa wa mphezi.

Ma transformer ouma nthawi zambiri amatetezedwa ndi zomangira zachitsulo, zomwe sizimangochepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yozungulira mumlengalenga, komanso zimachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yozungulira mkati.