Chiwerengero cha masensa akuchulukirachulukira padziko lapansi komanso m'malo otizungulira, kupatsa dziko lapansi chidziwitso. Masensa otsika mtengo awa ndi omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale intaneti ya Zinthu ndi kusintha kwa digito komwe gulu lathu likuyang'anizana nalo, komabe kulumikizana Kupeza chidziwitso kuchokera ku masensa sikumayenda molunjika nthawi zonse kapena papepalali.
Choyambirira, cholozera chaukadaulo ndiye maziko owonetsera momwe ntchito imagwirira ntchito.Kumvetsetsa zizindikiritso zaukadaulo, thandizani kusankha koyenera ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Zizindikiro za static zimayang'ana momwe magwiridwe antchito amasinthira, kuphatikiza kusinthika, kubwereza, kuzindikira, kulumikizana, kubweza zolowera, kulowa, kukwawa, kukhazikika ndi zina zotero. Zosintha mwachangu, kuphatikiza kuyankha pafupipafupi ndi mayankho.
Chifukwa cha zizindikilo zingapo zaukadaulo, zidziwitso zosiyanasiyana ndi zolemba zimafotokozedwa kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana, kotero kuti anthu osiyanasiyana amvetsetsa mosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kusamvetsetsa komanso kusamvetsetsa bwino.
1, kusamvana ndi kusamvana:
Tanthauzo: Kusintha kumatanthauza kusintha kwakung'ono kwambiri komwe sensa imatha kuwona.
Kutanthauzira 1: Kusintha ndiye chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri cha sensa. Zimayimira kuthekera kwa sensa kusiyanitsa zinthu zoyesedwa. Mafotokozedwe ena amtundu wa sensa amafotokozedwa potengera kusanja kocheperako.
Kwa masensa ndi zida zomwe zili ndi chiwonetsero cha digito, chisankho chimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa manambala omwe angawonetsedwe Mwachitsanzo, kusankhidwa kwa caliper yama digito yamagetsi ndi 0.01mm, ndipo cholakwika chachizindikiro ndi ± 0.02mm.
Kutanthauzira 2: Kusintha ndi nambala yeniyeni yokhala ndi mayunitsi Mwachitsanzo, kusanthula kwa sensa yotentha ndi 0.1 ℃, kukonza kwa sensa yofulumira ndi 0.1g, ndi zina zambiri.
Kutanthauzira 3: Kusintha ndi lingaliro logwirizana komanso lofanananso ndi lingaliro, zonse zikuyimira kukonza kwa sensa pamiyeso.
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndikuti chisankhocho chimawonetsedwa ngati kuchuluka kwa chisankho cha sensa. Ndizochepa komanso zopanda mawonekedwe.
2. Kubwereza:
Tanthauzo: Kubwereza kwa sensa kumatanthauza kukula kwa kusiyana pakati pazoyeserera pamene muyesowo umabwerezedwa kangapo mbali imodzimodzi pansi pa chikhalidwe chomwecho. Chimatchedwanso cholakwika chobwereza, cholakwika kubereka, ndi zina zambiri.
Kumasulira 1: Kubwereza kwa sensa kuyenera kukhala kusiyana pakati pamiyeso ingapo yopezeka munthawi yomweyo.Ngati muyeso ukusintha, kufanana pakati pa zotsatira zake kudzatha, komwe sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati maziko owunika kubwereza.
Kutanthauzira 2: Kubwereza kwa sensa kumayimira kupezeka ndi kusasintha kwa zotsatira zoyeserera za sensa. Chifukwa chakubalalika ndi kusokonekera ndikuti zovuta zosiyanasiyana mosasinthika zimakhalapo mkati ndi kunja kwa sensa, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zomaliza za sensa kuwonetsa mawonekedwe azosintha mosasintha.
Kutanthauzira 3: Kutembenuka kwakanthawi kosintha kosasintha kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chiwonetsero chobwerezabwereza.
Kumasulira 4: Pazoyesa zingapo mobwerezabwereza, kuyeza kolondola kwapamwamba kumatha kupezeka ngati kuchuluka kwa miyezo yonse kumatengedwa ngati zotsatira zomaliza za mayesedwe Chifukwa kupatuka kwa tanthauzo kumatanthauza kuchepa kwambiri kuposa kupatuka kwa muyeso uliwonse.
3. Kuyanjana:
Tanthauzo: Linearity (Linearity) amatanthauza kupatuka kwa chojambulira cholowetsera ndi zotulukapo kuchokera pamzere wolunjika.
Kutanthauzira 1: Chiyanjano choyenera cha kulowetsa / kutulutsa chiyenera kukhala chophatikizika, ndipo cholowetsa chake / cholumikizira chikhale mzere wowongoka (mzere wofiira pa chithunzi chili pansipa).
Komabe, sensa yeniyeniyo ili ndi zolakwika zingapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mayendedwe ake enieni ndi omwe akutuluka sindiwo mzere wowongoka, koma wokhotakhota (womwe umakhala wobiriwira womwe uli pansipa).
Linearity ndi msinkhu wosiyana pakati pa mawonekedwe enieni a sensa ndi mzere wa pa intaneti, womwe umadziwikanso kuti nonlinearity kapena nonlinear error.
Kutanthauzira 2: Chifukwa chakuti kusiyana pakati pamalingaliro enieni a sensa ndi mzere woyenera ndiwosiyana pamiyeso yosiyanasiyana, chiŵerengero cha mtengo wapatali wosiyaniratu ndi mtengo wathunthu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu wonsewo. , mzerewu umakhalanso wofanana.
Kutanthauzira 3: Chifukwa mzere woyenera wa sensa sichidziwika pamiyeso yonse, sichingapezeke Pachifukwa ichi, njira yonyengerera nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji zotsatira zoyeserera za sensa kuti muwerenge mzere woyenera Njira zowerengera zapaderazi zikuphatikiza njira yolowera kumapeto, njira zabwino kwambiri, njira zazing'ono ndi zina zotero.
4. Kukhazikika:
Tanthauzo: Kukhazikika ndi kuthekera kwa sensa kuti izitha kugwira ntchito kwakanthawi.
Kutanthauzira 1: Kukhazikika ndiye cholozera chachikulu chofufuzira ngati sensa imagwira ntchito mosasunthika munthawi inayake. Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kusakhazikika kwa sensa zimaphatikizaponso kutentha kwakanthawi komanso kumasulidwa kwamkati. ndi chithandizo cha ukalamba kuti chikhale chokhazikika.
Kutanthauzira 2: Kukhazikika kumatha kugawidwa pakukhazikika kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kukhazikika kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kutengera kutalika kwa nthawiyo. Nthawi yowonera ikakhala yochepa kwambiri, kukhazikika ndi kubwereza kuli pafupi. Kutalika kwakanthawi, malinga ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chilengedwe ndi zofunika kudziwa.
Kutanthauzira 3: Zolakwitsa zonse komanso zolakwika zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pofotokozera kuchuluka kwa kukhazikika.
5.Zitsanzo zazitsanzo zochepa:
Tanthauzo: Zitsanzo zazitsanzo zimatanthauza kuchuluka kwa zotsatira zoyeserera zomwe zingatsatidwe ndi sensa nthawi iliyonse.
Kutanthauzira 1: Kuchulukitsa kwazitsanzo ndiye chisonyezo chofunikira kwambiri cha mawonekedwe amakono a sensa, kuwonetsa kuyankha mwachangu kwa sensa. Ma sampling pafupipafupi ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zaukadaulo zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa bwino pakusintha kwamayeso mwachangu. Malinga ndi lamulo la Shannon lazitsanzo, ma frequency a sensa sayenera kukhala ochepera kawiri kuchuluka kwakusintha kwa muyeso.
Kutanthauzira 2: Pogwiritsa ntchito mafupipafupi osiyanasiyana, kulondola kwa sensa kumasiyananso moyenera.
Kulondola kwambiri kwa sensa nthawi zambiri kumapezeka pamtengo wotsika kwambiri wazitsanzo kapenanso pansi pamikhalidwe.
Malangizo asanu opangira masensa
1. Yambani ndi chida cha basi
Monga sitepe yoyamba, injiniya ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba yolumikizira sensa kudzera pa basi kuti achepetse zomwe sizikudziwika. kachipangizo kuti "ayankhule" .Pulogalamu ya PC yolumikizidwa ndi chida chamabasi chomwe chimapereka gwero lodziwika komanso logwira ntchito potumiza ndi kulandira deta yomwe siyoyendetsa, MCU) yosadziwika, yosavomerezeka. akhoza kutumiza ndi kulandira mauthenga kuti amvetsetse momwe gawoli limagwirira ntchito musanayesere kugwira ntchito pamlingo wophatikizidwa.
2. Lembani kachidindo kamawonekedwe opatsirana mu Python
Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akayesera kugwiritsa ntchito masensa a zida za basi, gawo lotsatira ndikulemba nambala yothandizira ma sensawo. M'malo modumpha molunjika ku kachidindo ka microcontroller, lembani nambala yofunsira ku Python. zolemba, zomwe Python imatsatira nthawi zambiri.NET chimodzi mwazilankhulo zomwe zilipo mu.net.Kulemba zolemba mu Python ndikosavuta komanso kosavuta, ndipo kumapereka njira yoyesera masensa pazogwiritsa ntchito zomwe sizili zovuta monga kuyesa m'malo ophatikizidwa. -level code ipangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa mainjiniya osaphatikizidwa kuti azitha kulemba zolemba ndi mayeso popanda chisamaliro cha wopanga mapulogalamu.
3. Yesani sensa ndi Micro Python
Chimodzi mwamaubwino olemba cholembera choyamba mu Python ndikuti kuyitanitsa ku Bus-utility application Programming interface (API) kumatha kusinthidwa mosavuta ndikuyitanitsa Micro Python. masensa kuti mainjiniya amvetsetse kufunika kwake. Micro Python imayendetsa purosesa ya Cortex-M4, ndipo ndi malo abwino oti muchotsere nambala yothandizira.Zosavuta kokha, palibe chifukwa cholemba madalaivala a I2C kapena SPI pano, chifukwa adakwaniritsidwa kale mu ntchito ya Micro Python laibulale.
4. Gwiritsani kachidindo kachipangizo katundu
Zitsanzo zilizonse zomwe zitha "kutayidwa" kuchokera kwa opanga sensa, mainjiniya amayenera kupita kutali kuti amvetsetse momwe sensa imagwirira ntchito. Chitsanzo chokonzekera kupanga cha zomangamanga zokongola komanso zokongola Ingogwiritsirani ntchito nambala ya ogulitsa, phunzirani momwe gawoli limagwirira ntchito, ndikukhumudwitsidwa pakukhazikitsanso kudzatuluka mpaka litaphatikizidwa moyenera ndi mapulogalamu ophatikizidwa. Itha kuyamba ngati "spaghetti", koma kuphatikiza opanga 'Kumvetsetsa momwe masensa awo amagwirira ntchito kumathandizira kuchepetsa kumapeto kwa sabata kumapeto kwa malonda.
5. Gwiritsani ntchito laibulale ya sensa fusion ntchito
Mwayi wake, mawonekedwe a kachipangizo siwatsopano ndipo sanachitikepo kale.Malaibulale odziwika a ntchito zonse, monga "Sensor Fusion function Library" yoperekedwa ndi opanga zida zambiri, amathandizira kutukula mwachangu, kapena bwino, komanso kupewa Masensa ambiri amatha kuphatikizidwa m'mitundu kapena magulu, ndipo mitundu iyi kapena magulu amathandizira kuti madalaivala azitha kuyenda bwino, ngati atayendetsedwa bwino, ali pafupifupi konsekonse kapena osagwiritsidwanso ntchito. sensa fusion imagwira ntchito ndikuphunzira zolimba ndi zofooka zawo.
Pamene masensa aphatikizidwa ndi makina ophatikizidwa, pali njira zambiri zothandizira kukonza nthawi yakapangidwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta. Zambiri mwazinthu zomwe zilipo lero zithandizira opanga "kugunda pansi" osayamba kuyambira pomwepo.
Nthawi yamakalata: Aug-16-2021